Volume (3), Issue (1), Muharram 1446 AH - July 2024

Abstract   The concept of host was recently proposed in linguistic research as part of linguists’ treatments of the word concept, and their attempt to overcome the difficulty of formulating a general definition of the word that is suitable for all human languages, and controls the rules of its clitics. The importance of proposing the concept of host comes from the fact that it is highly abstract, based on a phonological scale, and includes phenomena in tongues that are not included in the concepts proposed in linguistics, such as free morphemes, bound morphemes. The paper consisted of three axes including exploring the concept of the host and its clitics in linguistics, exploring the host in the grammatical heritage, and showing the manifestations of the dual host and the clitics related to phenomena in Arabic. Keywords: host, Clitics, Antecedents, Suffixes, Conjunctions.

Abstract : This paper aimed to extrapolate the words that were formed according to the fiʕlaːʔ pattern in Arabic from the descriptive approach perspective. The paper addressed a number of words that followed this pattern, varying from nouns, to adjectives and from singular to plural. It also addressed the (in)declinability (diptotes) of this pattern, as well as the emergence of fiʕlaː, faʕlaːʔ, and fiʕlajaːʔ as a variation. The results include the variation of this pattern ( fiʕlaːʔ ): nouns, adjectives, and plurals, Sibawayh and others’ mention of this pattern not being used for masculine or feminine; the research concluded that it was used for masculine adjectives as in “ʕizhaːʔ”, and for the feminine ones as in “zizaːʔ” and “qiqːaʔ”, the possibility of some words that followed the pattern the fiʕlaːʔ, as in “diʔdaːʔ”, “qiqaːʔ”, and “tinaːʔ”, and the emergence of this pattern alternating with other patterns such as fiʕlaː in “hirdaː”,  faʕlaːʔ as in “zajzaːʔ”, and fiʕlajaːʔ as in “siːmjaːʔ”.   Keywords: pattern, fiʕlaːʔ, fiʕlaːl, ʕilbaːʔ.

Abstract: This paper employs the methodology of induction and analysis to study the text associated with its produced context. It aims at tracing and analyzing the Najdi character as depicted in Al-Mazini's journey to the Hijaz, as written during his visit in 2016. The significance of this paper lies in the analysis of a text representing an early stage of national formation, documented by an Arab journalist influenced by the reputation of the Najdi people at that time. The results indicate that Al-Mazini described them from two perspectives: personal traits and habitual actions. In his depiction of the Najdi character, he took a positive, admiring stance in places, and in some places, a negative, sarcastic stance, according to the status and contexts of the description, and according to the author's intentions and motives.   Keywords: Character, Najdi, Al-Mazini, Journeys, Hijaz.

Abstract The study explores the role of family in promoting healthy habits for children when using the internet in Saudi Arabia, focusing on a sample of mothers in Dawadmi. Utilizing a descriptive-analytical approach, 162 mothers were selected via convenience sampling. Data collection involved questionnaires, with analysis conducted using SPSS. The results revealed that both family and children exhibit positive internet habits when using the internet. Families were found to actively manage and advocate for healthy internet practices, recognizing their significant role in this regard. Mothers' perceptions of the family's role did not significantly differ based on age or education, though variances were noted concerning residential location. Recommendations include legislative authorities to protect children's online rights, support for research in developing electronic monitoring tools, and fostering partnerships among families, schools, and communities to establish a secure digital environment for children.   Keywords: Family, Healthy habits, Children, Internet, Dawadmi.

Abstract: This research focuses on the role of Prince Aḥmad bin Muḥammad AlSudairi in Saudi history in the period of (1869-1935).  The study introduces his life, documents his contributions, and presents his administrative works. The importance of this research lies in understanding Prince Ahmed's personality and his involvement in historical events of the era in which he lived. It also seeks to shed light on a part of the Sudairi family's history in Saudi history. The primary objectives of the research are highlighting King Abdulaziz's relationships with his men, their selection process, and his trust in them during the establishment of the Saudi state. The results involved documenting the history of individuals who made political and administrative contributions, leaving a distinctive mark on our national history. Additionally, it revealed King Abdulaziz's positive interactions with his men and his appreciation for their efforts throughout their lives. Keywords :Al Saud, Al sudairi, Saudi Arabia, Najd, Al Ghat

Abstract   The study analyzes the distribution of precipitation in Mecca Region, and the change in precipitation distribution from 2000 to 2022. The study employed a spatial analysis method including collecting precipitation data form satellite image (i.e., GPM) with a spatial resolution of 10.9 km, processing the data and using IDW equation to derive precipitation distribution maps. The results showed that the precipitation concentrated in the mountainous areas in the south of Maysan and northwest of Taif with the highest average precipitation of 148.4 mm between 2018 and 2019. The results of the analysis of the most severe rainstorms confirmed the spatial variation in their concentrations and risks, and highest average daily rainfall of 31.65 mm/day (11/24/2022) that covered a large area of drainage basins in Mecca and Jeddah. The region witnessed a fluctuation in precipitation change between increases and decreases. However, the average change in annual precipitation every 11 years reached 15.4 mm, resulting in a positive change in the amount of precipitation, and reducing severity of drought in the region. Keywords: Rain, Storms, Mecca Region, Remote Sensing, Geographic Information Systems.

Abstract This study analyzed soil salinity and its spatial distribution in Ashiqah through what is provided by remote sensing techniques represented by spectral indices and compare them with field measurements. This study relied on three spectral indices, Salinity Index (2.4) and Normalized Difference Salinity Index (NDSI) during the rainy and dry seasons, to extract salinity in the AShiqah Lowland. The results indicated a variation in the values of the indices associated with the soil moisture during the dry and rainy seasons. Also, there were high levels of salinity in the soil of Ashiqah, and similar values to the results of laboratory analyses, as there is a strong relationship between of dissolved salts measured (TDS) from (the salt bed, Al-Rufaei Barr, Saif dunes) and salinity indices (SI2, SI4), estimate at about (0.81 and 0.67). It also showed that salinity concentrated at high rates near Ashiqah salt flat towards Al-Rufaei Barr, while it decreased gradually towards the south where sand dunes.   Keywords: Ashiqah , Soil salinity, NDSI, SI2, SI4, TDS

Abstract   Translation competence is the central aim of any translation program to bring all students to the highest level of this competence. This study investigates beliefs and practices of translator trainers on the development of students’ translation competence in a case study program at a Saudi University. First, the study uses a closed-ended questionnaire to explore translator trainers’ beliefs and their practices to detect discrepancies. Then, to draw out the areas that need to be developed. It highlights the reasons behind these discrepancies and their potential effects on the students using semi-structured interviews with translator trainers. The findings show that there are discrepancies between translator trainers’ beliefs and their classroom practices. Not all translator trainers are fully aware of the significance of the sub-competences of translator competence, and this led to all the sub-competences being not fully focused on during teaching. The implications of the study necessitate to provide training for translator trainers on the sub-competences of translation competence and to equip the program with well-trained trainers.     Keywords: translation competence, trainers’ beliefs, teaching practices, students’ translation competence.