Vol. (4), Issue (1), Muharram 1447 AH- July 2025

"Position" represents a universal category that enables us to interpret many grammatical systems. This category is implemented in different forms depending on the way do languages work, and depending on the diversity of its implementation. One of the characteristics of this abstract dimension is its indication of the location and the spatial dimension in interpreting grammatical cases and the values assigned to them. Thus, the concept of “Position” becomes a supercategory for different grammatical cases. reducing their number and causing their diversity. From this standpoint, we could say that the term “position” is an explanatory principle which has an ambiguous concept. This ambiguity is gradually removed according to the layers of the lexicalization. This is what we will try to analyze in this paper and applied it to Al- Jurjani’s Muqtasid. Keywords: position, Local, category, Case grammar, Lexicalization

This research explores the artistic and aesthetic qualities of Fawaz Al-La'boun's poetry through a dual critical approach, examining both its structure and interpretative possibilities. Utilizing post-structuralist theory, the study delves into the poetic discourse, uncovering unspoken meanings within the emotions and imaginative mini-narratives present in Al-La'boun's work. These narratives are key to understanding the construction and rhetorical mechanisms of Saudi poetic texts, enriching poetic imagination and elevating language to a higher poetic level. The analysis aims to reveal the symbolism and artistic imagery in Al-La'boun's poetry, investigating how he constructs meaning and stylistic aesthetics.  This allows for a deeper engagement with the texts, exploring both explicit and implicit visions. Al-La'boun's poetry plays a vital role in contemporary Saudi poetry, reflecting its experimentation and evolution, and aligning with broader trends in modern Arab poetry. Keywords: Aesthetics, Fawwaz Al-La'boun, Interpretation, Construction, Poetics.

The quality of the urban environment is a key goal of sustainable development. This study aims to measure the sustainable development index of sound quality resulting from urban traffic, particularly vehicle movement on roads in Dammam. Using a descriptive and analytical approach supported by statistical methods and geographic information systems, the study reveals varying levels of noise pollution across different times and locations due to the spatial structure of the city. Field data from 2022 show that Prince Othman bin Affan Road recorded peak traffic noise at 87.4 decibels in the morning and 85.7 decibels in the evening, while Prince Sultan bin Abdul Aziz Road recorded 87.6 decibels in the afternoon. Deterioration in road paving contributes to urban noise discomfort, highlighting the need for improved pavement quality and environmental mitigation measures such as tree-lined roads and fence barriers to reduce noise levels on both sides of urban streets. Keywords: Noise pollution, Traffic noise, Decibels, Sustainable development, Dammam metropolis.

This study investigates the environmental impact of temperature and rainfall on vegetation in the eastern parts of the Jizan region from 2011 to 2023, using geographic information systems (GIS) and remote sensing. A descriptive-analytical approach was applied, with vegetation classified by density and area using LandSat 8 satellite imagery. The study employed the NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index), a key remote sensing indicator of plant health. The results revealed a statistically significant correlation (at the 0.01 confidence level) between the study variables. Specifically, a positive correlation was found between rainfall and the NDVI index: as rainfall increases, NDVI values rise and vegetation becomes denser. In contrast, a negative correlation emerged between temperature (average, maximum, and minimum) and NDVI: higher temperatures correspond to lower NDVI values, indicating reduced vegetation cover. These findings highlight the crucial influence of climatic factors on vegetation patterns in arid and semi-arid regions. Keywords: Spatial interpolation,  Normalized Difference Vegetation(NDVI), Classification  

This study explores the stance of the Emir (i.e., Prince) of Assīr Ḥasan āl-ʿĀiyḍ towards the Idrīsī movement that erupted in late 1326 AH/ 1908 AD and opposed Ottomans. It carefully approaches the diachronic details pertinent to this stance and traces its developmental twists and turns. Although Emir Ḥasan took a position to support the Idrīsī movement in its early days, this position suddenly changed in 1329 AH / 1911 AD during the siege of Abha, such that Emir Hassan shifted from being a major supporter of the Idrīsī movement to be a supporter of Ottomans and an opponent of the movement. Hence, this study attempts to explain such changes of Ḥasan’s position, and to understand the reasons behind such changes, as well as to discuss what was documented by some historical sources that were interested in this topic, in an attempt to reveal the bias present in the historical readings. Keywords: Asir, Idrīsī, Emir (Prince) Hassan āl-ʿĀiyḍ, the Ottomans, Abha

Jeddah, located on the Red Sea coast, holds strategic and religious significance as the gateway to Mecca and a central hub between Asia and Africa. Its port served as a vital point for pilgrims and trade, yet its social and economic history has been largely overlooked by early Muslim historians, often only appearing in sources related to Mecca. This research aims to shed light on Jeddah’s historical role from the advent of Islam to the end of the Abbasid era. It focuses on two key cultural dimensions: social and economic conditions. The study examines the city’s population makeup, living standards, and urban features, as well as the main economic activities such as trade, industry, and fishing. Drawing from historical texts, geographical accounts, and travelers’ writings, the research provides a comprehensive analysis of Jeddah’s overlooked yet significant role in Islamic history during this formative period. Keywords: Jeddah, Abbasid Era, Social conditions, Economic activities.

This study aims to identify the factors affecting digital parenting in early childhood and reveal the strategies mothers use to guide their children’s use of smart devices. The research was conducted with a sample of 272 Saudi mothers whose children, aged 6 years or younger, use smart devices. A mixed interpretive approach was employed, utilizing both a questionnaire and interviews with 7 respondents. The study found that children use smart devices more frequently at home than outside, and that mothers often choose the content, with some involvement from the child. It also identified the separation of social, educational, and financial factors affecting digital parenting, along with social and technical controls that mothers implement to protect their children from the potential risks of smart devices. The study concluded with a discussion of the rules mothers set regarding their children's use of smart devices. Keywords: Digital Parenting, Socialization, Early Childhood, Social Control

The study investigates how Oliver Twist, written by Charles Dickens in 1839, has been adapted into comic form and translated into other languages. It concerns the communicative problems and techniques of meaning-making in text and image. Translating nonsequential multimodal narratives is complex, requiring consideration of cultural context and image semantics to maintain coherence across text and visuals in the target language. The paper also explores how translators overcome these challenges to maintain the essence of the narrative while presenting it in different forms that will appeal to its various readers. Studying the Oliver Twist comic adaptation and translation aids translation theory by highlighting the interplay of textual analysis, visual semiotics, and linguistic translation in preserving source material integrity across cultures. These findings resonate with current research on modes, recognising that visual and textual modes must work harmoniously and be laden with culturally appropriate meanings. Keywords: Comics, children’s literature, translation

The formation of passive verbs in Arabic is uniquely challenging due to its complex structure and dialectal variations. While Classical Arabic (CA) and Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) adhere to non-concatenative rules of internal vowel modification of the active stem, some dialects use different strategies such as affixation or reflexive pronouns with no modification to the stem. However, despite previous studies on Arabic verbs, the passive verb construction remains insufficiently explored. This paper aims to participate in addressing this gap by detailing the passive verb morphology in the Faifi dialect (FD) and comparing it with CA/MSA. The properties of passive verbs in FD have not been explored before. While CA/MSA uses /-u-/, FD uniquely uses /-i-/ to mark its passives. The study introduces previously undocumented verb patterns and passive forms such as (tiC1aC2C3aC3) for colors and (t(i)C1ayC2aC3-) for an agent pretending to perform an action. Keywords: Passive verbs, Faifi dialect, Arabic morphology

This paper examines affrication process in Najdi Arabic, Qassimi variety in particular, and proposes a rule of affrication that regulates this phonological process. It discusses the environments where the affricate [ts] is produced in this variety and explores the applications of the proposed rule. It also proposes that [k] and [ts] in NA are not only cases of allophones, but they are actually different phonemes; therefore, some cases of [ts] are not simply cases of affrication of [k], but in fact a phonemic representation of /ts/. The paper also examines various exceptions where affrication is expected but not active in NA and adopts a form of Obligatory Contour Principle (OCP) to provide a systematic explanation where resistance of the affrication rule arises. Keywords: affricates, OCP, place assimilation, affrication, Arabic varieties