Volume (3), Issue (3), Rajab 1446 AH - January 2025

Abstract The Quran was revealed in the language of the Arabs, a language that they spoke and understood, which amplified its divine nature and enriched many of its characteristics. Among these characteristics is the derivation of words from each other, a feature clearly manifested in the Quran. Arabic linguists have been particularly concerned with studying meanings in both lexical terms and syntactic structures. This research addresses the root (ن ك ر) in all its derivatives found in the Quran, where it appears thirty-seven times in various forms, including: (نُكْر), (نُكُر), (نَكِير), (نَكِرَ), (يُنْكِرُ), (تُنْكِرُ), (نَكِّرْ), (مُنْكِر), (مُنْكَر), and (أَنْكَر). The study examines these forms linguistically and semantically, focusing on their characteristics based on their structure and the context in which they appear in the Quranic verses. The research concludes that each form has distinct linguistic and contextual semantic features, demonstrating the richness of the Arabic language and its ability to convey multiple meanings through its various derivations.   Keywords: Root "ن ك ر", Quran, context, derivations.

Abstract   This paper addressed the reality of agricultural urban housing for a sample of inhabitants who adopted their farms as permanent housing, in the cities of Al-Ahsa, through a field study utilizing the methods of personal interview and questionnaire as two means for identifying the motives that led to their tendency for housing in their farms, and aiming to observe the reality of housing and inhabitants’ tendencies and desires towards it. This study implemented a historical, behavioral, and descriptive approach, which aided in analyzing the data pertinent to the phenomena under investigation, the descriptive and quantitative methods, and spatial visualization and maps of the study area as well as illustrative graphs. The study concluded that the standard of living was a chief reason for the study sample members for opting to live in their agricultural properties, which reached the percentage of (76.90%), and that the choice of and tendency for housing followed the years of implementing the five-year plans after the year 1390 AH. Keywords: Al-Ahsa metropolis, Agricultural urban housing, Urban area, Urban cluster.

Abstract:   The Byzantine Crusader conflict emerged due to the first Crusader campaign, and John II’s campaign included the Levant and Cilicia as an extension of the Byzantine campaigns on the areas belonging to the Byzantine state in Little Armenia and the Levant, especially Antioch. This campaign is studied in two ways: the Byzantine Crusader conflict and the Byzantine and Seljuk conflict, especially Danishmendids. John II’s campaign had several reasons. In Armenia, the campaign coincided with the emperor's desire to secure the borders with Anatolia, while in Antioch, John II took the Davul Treaty as an excuse to declare its belongingness to the Byzantines and to eliminate its influence in Cilicia. Imad al-Din Zangi’s efforts were behind the Crusaders ’congestion in Byzantium, which agreed with John II’s ambition to achieve a Crusader-Byzantine’s project aimed at forming a Crusader emirate in the north of Antioch in exchange for the abdication of Antioch for Byzantium.     Keywords : John II- Antioch- Cilicia- Imad al-Din Zangi

Abstract : This study sheds light on the effect of mental illness on human social behavior from the perspective of the Arab-Islamic civilization physicians. The study begins with a glimpse of Muslim physicians’ contributions to psychiatry, deepens in analyzing the stance of Arab-Islamic society towards mental patients and how their social behavior was impacted by the culture of the popular environment, and then moves to exploring the views of Muslim physicians about the relationship between mental illness and social and family relations. It was concluded that mental illnesses can lead to patient's isolation from their external environment, difficulty in social communication, and a general disorder in social and personal behavior, including marital (sexual) behavior. The study concludes with psychological/mental advice by Muslim physicians for a healthy social life Keywords: Arab-Islamic civilization, mental illness, social behavior, melancholia.

Abstract This study aims to specify the relationship between the problems of newly-formed families and early divorce in the Saudi society, and to come up with a set of suggestions for overcoming the problems encountered by newly-married families. The study is an analytical-descriptive and is based on surveying with a social non-probability sample consisting of 156 recently-divorced Saudi women in Riyadh. The study used the questionnaire as a tool to achieve the objectives and answer the questions, and concluded that newly-formed families are subject to some problems, namely poor marital compatibility (frequent marital disputes) and marital dissatisfaction. It has also shown that there exists a relationship between the problems associated with newly-formed families and early divorce in the Saudi society. Keyword s: family problems, newly-formed families, early divorce.

Abstract This study is an attempt to identify the factors affecting fast food consumption among King Faisal   University students. The following five variables are used: family, friends, media and social media, health awareness, personal and material factors. A social survey and a questionnaire are used as tools to collect data from a sample of (352 students). The results indicate that all factors seem to have had an impact on increasing the consumption of fast food. However, the material factor seems to be the most influential factor, followed by friends’ factor, then health awareness in third place, then the media and social media in fourth place, and finally the personal variable in fifth place. As for the family, it plays a negative role in the consumption of fast food. This means that the family does not encourage children to consume fast food Keywords : social factors, fast food, consumption, social groups, consumerism awareness.

Abstract The study aimed to identify the role of Saudi women's volunteering in improving personal, family, and societal aspects among Saudi women by utilizing the descriptive-analytical approach on a random sample of 417 adult Saudi women who had previously volunteered in a charitable organization. The study found that volunteering plays a role in improving the personal aspect of Saudi women by enhancing self-confidence, developing positive emotions, fostering a sense of responsibility and belonging, and improving personal skills. It also contributes to improving the family aspect by enhancing communication and understanding, strengthening family bonds, and improving family management skills. Furthermore, volunteering improves the societal aspect by fostering a sense of belonging and responsibility, increasing awareness and participation, understanding community needs, promoting diversity, changing societal perceptions, and supporting teamwork. The study recommended that state institutions responsible for volunteering need to work on designing volunteer programs specifically tailored for women and provide training opportunities to help Saudi woman develop her skills. Keywords: Volunteering, Saudi women, life skills.

Abstract Voice category is an essential grammatical aspect of verb constructions in linguistics. It is widely known that voice involves two main types: active and passive. However, there is a possibility of having a third grammatical voice known as the middle voice. Based on the relevant literature, the middle voice is a controversial topic that has aroused debate over its linguistic properties. This paper, therefore, aims to investigate some of the middle voice linguistic properties within a morphological context. More specifically, it attempts to identify the middle voice verb patterns and examine their existence using a linguistic test in one of the Arabic varieties, Najdi Arabic (NA). The middle voice morphological patterns that have been obtained in NA are ʔinfiʕal, faʕal, fiʕal, ʔiftaʕal, tifaʕʕal, tifaːʕal, and tifaʕlal . Moreover, this paper argues that the prefix ʔin - and ti - attached to certain middle voice verbs serve a detransitivising function. Keywords: middle voice, Najdi Arabic, Arabic, morphological patterns.

Abstract Translation activities in Saudi Arabia have significantly increased due to government initiatives and technological advancements within modernization efforts. This paper analyzes Saudi Arabia’s research carried on translation practices and outcomes using a bibliometric approach on 193 publications by 164 authors across 31 fields. The analysis shows a predominance of classroom-related research, with 61.14% focusing on pedagogy, reflecting local practices and global trends in translation studies as shown by earlier research. Despite the growing interest, critical areas such as audiovisual translation, tourism, and video games translation remain under-researched. The study identifies gaps and suggests future research directions, emphasizing the need for a broader scope to align translation research with the country’s developmental goals under Vision 2030. Broadening research beyond academic settings to include practical applications in various sectors will enhance the role of translation in Saudi Arabia’s growth, fostering cross-cultural understanding and intellectual discourse. Keywords: Translation research, practice and outcome, reflection, bibliometric analysis, research gaps.

Abstract Authorial voice, crucial for academic writing, reflects a writer's identity and engagement with readers. However, second-language (L2) writing instruction often prioritizes coherence over fostering this voice. This mixed-methods study explored the impact of explicit authorial voice instruction on 74 Saudi female undergraduate students' argumentative writing. Divided into experimental and control groups, the experimental group received voice instruction, while the control group continued with the standard curriculum. Pre and posttests along with focus group interviews were used for data collection. Results showed significant improvement in the presence and clarity of ideas, manner of presentation, and writer-reader engagement in the experimental group's writing compared to the control. Notably, the most significant improvement occurred in the first dimension. Students reported an enhanced understanding and use of their unique voices, leading to improved and more identity-reflective writing. These findings highlight the importance of integrating authorial voice instruction within L2 academic writing curricula Keywords : Authorial voice, L2 academic writing, mixed-methods approach.